A Study To Assess Relationship Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus And Blood Groups

ntroduction:Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is definedas anydegreeof glucoseintolerancewith onset orfirstrecognition duringpregnancy. Gestational diabetesisconditionthataffectsthewellbeingofmotherand fetus.Thestudywasdoneon299pregnantwomenattendingantenatalclinicincivilhospital AhmadabadinthemonthsofMaytoAugust2018.AIM:To findoutthecorrelationbetweengestationaldiabetesmellitusandblood groups.Materials andMethod:All299pregnantwomenrecruitedforthestudywere given75gmglucoseorally.Their blood glucoselevelsweredeterminedafter2 hourbyglucometer.Thosehavingblood glucosemorethan140mg/dl were identified as GDM. Out of 299, 96 subjects diagnosed as GDM and203 subjects diagnosed as NON GDM.Blood group distribution of GDM and non GDM were compared.RESULT:46.86% GDM had blood group “O” and 87.5% GDM had RH positive blood group.CONCLUSION:Blood group “O” is significantly associated

A Study Of Relationship Between Maternal Serum Calcium Level And Neonatal Birth Weight In Full Term Delivered Babies

Pregnancy is a period of physiological changes in body during which the nutritional needs of developing foetus depends on the mother.This study establishes the effects of maternal calcium on the neonatal birth weight in full term delivered babies.Method:A comparative study was performed on 60 antenatal women divided into 2groups.Group1 comprised of 30 antenatal women who received calcium supplements andGroup2 having 30 antenatal women who did not take calcium supplements.Permission from Dept.of OB&G,B.J.M.C and Civil Hospital,Ahmedabad obtained. Biochemical analysis of calcium was done.Birth weight of neonates born at full term was noted.Result:Women with normal serum calcium levels delivered full term babies with normal birth weight.Women with low serum calcium levels delivered full term babies with low birth weight Calcium levels were high in women who took regular calcium supplements in their antenatal period than the women who were not on calcium supplements.Conclusion:Calcium is an essential nutrient during pregnancy that supports the growth and development of the foetus,especially because of its maternal-foetaltransfer.Maternal calcium level thus can be responsible for determining the neonatal birth weight.Therefore,it is necessary to educate all pregnant women about the need for adequate calcium supplementation during pregnancy and thereafter.

A comparative study of pulmonary functions in different age groups.

Background and objectives: The respiratory system changes with age and understanding these changes helps detect and prevent respiratory dysfunctions in the elderly. Pulmonary function, as measured by spirometry is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality of elderly persons. The aim of the present study was to see the effects of aging on pulmonary functions. Methods : The study included 150 subjects of different ages from 20 years and above. Subjects were divided in six groups depending on their age. (1) 20-29 yrs (2) 30-39 yrs (3) 40-49 yrs (4) 50-59 yrs (5) 60-69 yrs (6) 70 yrs and above. 25 subjects were included in each group. FVC , FEV1, FEV1 /FVC%, PEFR, FEF25%-75%, MVV were measured. Results: Comparing 20-29 yrs with 70 yrs and above show mean FVC (4.33 vs 1.68 litre, p<0.001) ,FEV1(3.91 vs 1.19 litre p<0.001), FEV1 /FVC%(90.30 vs 70.0 p<0.001), PEFR(9.81 vs 3.31 lit/sec p<0.001), FEF25%-75%(6.65 vs 1.89 lit/sec p<0.001), MVV(93.94 vs 55.96 lit/min p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study concluded that FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF25- 75% and MVV decrease with age. It is probably a result of decreased strength of expiratory muscles, decreased chest wall compliance and increased tendency of airways to close during forced expiratory effort causing air trapping in the lungs.

A correlation between dyslipidaemia and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: Diabetes is global endemic with rapidly increasing prevalence in both developing and developed countries. There is a high risk of cardiovascular diseases in people with type 2 diabetes, while Abnormal lipid profiles and lipoprotein oxidation (especially LDL-C) are more common in diabetics and are aggravated with poor glycaemic control. The aim of the present study is to assess the glycaemic control status by HbA1c estimation and to compare the lipid profile in type 2 diabetes patients with good glycaemic control (HbA1c≤8) & those with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c>8). Materials and methods: The present study was conducted on 100 type-2 diabetic males aged 40-60 years. Among them 48 patients having HbA1c level ≤8% were categorized as having good glycaemic control (group-1)and 52 patients with HbA1c >8% were categorized as having poor glycaemic control(group-2). Result: A significant increase in S.cholesterol(254.46±45.54), s.LDL(162.57±39.79), S.VLDL(45.98±14.69) and S.triglycerides (225. ±76.61) in group-2 pateints (P≤0.05) were noticed as compare to group-1 patients. Our findings suggest positive association between dyslipidemia and glycemic control on the basis of screening with the HbA1c level. Raised triglyceride and LDL levels are established risk factors for coronary artery diseases. Conclusion: The optimal care of diabetic patients should also include periodic screening for lipid abnormalities and periodic measurement of HbA1C for glycaemic control.

Variable response of Ist Mbbs students to exam stress.

Stress is inevitable in today’s world however people are different in the way they cope with stress. This study investigated the variable response to stress by the 1ST M.B.B.S. students during their 1ST credit examination. Thirty three male students participated in the study. They were divided into 2 groups, Group I- having less than 6 hours sleep, Group II-having more than 6 hours sleep before exam. Pulse rate was significantly higher in both the groups pre- examination (88±8.4 vs.78±4.47/min and 83.26± 9.96 vs 75.26±9.21/ min) Pre examination Systolic (118±7.27 vs 110±7.37mmHg) as well as Diastolic Blood Pressure (77.89±5.47 vs 72.1±5.05 mmHg) was significantly higher in group II. However the same was not significantly different in group I. On comparing the two groups pre exam none of parameters were significantly different while post exam only systolic BP was significantly higher in group I. Marks obtained in 3 subjects by two groups were not significantly different. Students vary in their response to stress as reflected in the sleep hours, reading habits & cardiac responses. Students having an abnormal sympathetic nerve activity at rest & in response to stressor, may be more susceptible to hypertension in future. The students should be screened and those showing sustained BP response should be followed up periodically.

Childhood ataxia with cerebral hypomyelination (CACH) syndrome: a study of three siblings.

We report a family of three siblings with Childhood Ataxia with Cerebral Hypomyelination. All the siblings presented with early onset cerebellar ataxia beginning around five years of age with mild mental retardation. MRI showed diffuse white matter signal changes in all three patients with cerebellar atrophy while the spectroscopy was abnormal only in the eldest who was the most severely affected. The cases are reported for their rarity as well as for an opportunity of observing this uncommon disease in its stages of evolution in three siblings.